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The characteristics of field sprinkler irrigation technology

Release time:

Mar 05,2024

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Field sprinkler irrigation technology is a relatively advanced water-saving irrigation method. In countries with developed agriculture, this method is more commonly used, such as 50% of the national agricultural irrigation area in the United States using sprinkler irrigation. This is because sprinkler irrigation technology has some characteristics compared to other water-saving irrigation methods:
1. Water saving. The average water consumption per mu for canal irrigation is about 100 cubic meters, reaching 150 cubic meters in mountainous areas, while for sprinkler irrigation, it is about 25 cubic meters per mu, with a water-saving rate of up to 75%. The water-saving effect is more pronounced in poor water mountainous areas with uneven terrain.
2. Save land and increase production. The replanting rate of 1.5 meter small furrow land under canal irrigation is less than 60%, and the replanting rate of flat channels and ridges in sprinkler irrigation fields reaches over 90%; Two crops per mu can increase yield by about 300 kilograms annually.
3. Wide adaptability. The requirement for land leveling is not high, and even complex mountain slopes can be irrigated with spray irrigation; Not only can it be used for irrigating crops, but it can also be used for irrigating gardens, grasslands, flowers, and spraying fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
4. Time saving. It takes about 15 days to irrigate the land in one round, and only 4 days to irrigate it once to build a sprinkler field, saving 2/3 of the time.
5. Save labor and money. A professional service team of 3-4 people has been established in the sprinkler irrigation demonstration village, and farmers only need to pay the water fee and do not need to manually irrigate the land.
6. Improve soil structure. Excessive irrigation in canal irrigation can easily cause soil compaction. Sprinkler irrigation can manually control soil moisture, effectively improve soil physical properties, loosen the soil, and make it suitable for crop seeds to break through and emerge; It can also improve the microclimate in the fields and reduce the harm of low humidity, high temperature, and dry hot winds.
7. Beneficial for promoting mechanized operations. Shorten the cultivation time for summer and autumn, buy time for timely sowing of wheat and summer corn, and form a virtuous cycle of complete crop maturity; After the wheat machine in the sprinkler irrigation field harvests, immediately plant corn and replenish soil moisture in a timely and appropriate manner, which can lead to more than 10 days of early emergence of seedlings.
8. Spray pesticides and fertilizers to improve effective utilization efficiency. The traditional method of fertilization involves uneven spraying, resulting in an effective utilization rate of about 30%. However, using sprinkler irrigation to evenly apply fertilizer can increase the effective utilization rate to over 70%. From some data comparing sprinkler irrigation with border irrigation, it can also be seen that sprinkler irrigation has obvious advantages in various aspects: saving about 50% of water, increasing cultivated land area by 7% to 20%, and saving 50% of labor. The yield of field crops increased by 20% to 30%, vegetables increased by 50% to 100%, and the irrigation quota for wheat was reduced from 400 cubic meters/mu to 168 cubic meters/mu, resulting in a 30% increase in yield.

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